The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
The Drug Enforcement Administration interdicts ille-gal drugs domestically and abroad. The War on Terror has highlighted the nexus between the illegal drug trade and terrorism, and the DEA increasingly count-ers the business side of terrorism. The DEA coordi-nates other agencies that participate in U.S- sponsored drug investigations. It often works closely with the FBI and Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), but the DEA retains the lead on all investigations and direct actions that focus on illegal drugs. The DEA is staffed by experienced, tough-minded law enforce-ment personnel. DEA special agents are active in every corner of the United States and in more than 60 other countries.
BUDGET: Approximately $2 billion in 2015.
POWERS OF ARREST? Yes.
EXPECTED TO CARRY A WEAPON? Yes.
ACCESS TO OFFICIAL FUNDS? Can be supplied with a significant credit line, up to a Major Expense without eliciting an official review.
OPERATIONAL BUDGET/RESTRICTED ITEMS? With the Bureaucracy skill, an Agent from the DEA may check out confiscated evidence from previous drug busts, os-tensibly for examination or comparison with evidence from another case.
Checking out a weapon connected to an existing case is equivalent to an Unusual expense. A more ex-pensive or particularly rare item, such as an impound-ed vehicle once owned by a drug cartel, is equivalent to a Major expense.
Checking out evidence associated with a case the Agent is not involved with automatically triggers official review unless the Agent takes steps to hide his or her identity when removing the items. Hiding the Agent’s identity requires a Criminology roll; if it fumbles, the Agent is caught and faces possible firing and prosecution.
The Organization
The DEA is part of the Department of Justice and is headed by the Administrator of Drug Enforcement. The Administrator reports to the Deputy Attorney General. The DEA is headquartered in Arlington, Virginia. The DEA Training Academy is located at Quantico, Virginia, along with a Marine Corps basic training facility and the FBI Training Academy. Across the United States, the DEA maintains 21 domestic field divisions with more than 200 field offices. It maintains offices in over 60 countries. The DEA employs over 10,000 people, including over 5,000 special agents and 800 intelligence analysts.
The Operations Division houses the special agents. The Operational Support Division supports the other divisions with specialized skill sets and equipment—including forensic experts in computers, fingerprints, and chemistry. The Intelligence Division employs primarily electronic and signals analysts. Field Divisions are de facto field offices and are the base of operations for most investigations outside of Washington D.C.
The DEA fields two specialized sections, the paramilitary Foreign-deployed Advisory and Support Teams (FASTs) and the Special Operations Division
(SOD). FASTs focus on direct action and cooperating with military units in combat environments. The SOD is based in the U.S. and focuses on electronic surveillance like wiretaps and data mining.
The DEA operates a small Aviation Division which is based in Fort Worth, Texas, but available throughout the United States (and, with permission from the local government, overseas). The Aviation Division uses helicopters and fixed-wing aircraft for surveillance, photographic reconnaissance, and transportation of prisoners, cargo, and personnel.
One of the core responsibilities of the DEA is to authorize medical professionals, re-searchers, and manufacturers to access controlled substances like drugs and narcotics.
Key Divisions
•	Operations: Foreign-deployed Advisory and Support Teams, ›	Field offices
•	Operational Support
•	Intelligence
•	Special Operations
•	Aviation
Operatives
DEA special agents go through five months of training at the DEA Training Academy in Quantico, Virgin-ia. Much of the training focuses on field operations, physical competency, and tactical/weapons management. Special agents and many support staff must pass a polygraph and a background investigation. The DEA does not accept agents who have a history of illegal drug use.
DEA special agents are expected to deal with the public routinely, and must be personable to do their job effectively.
More so than other law enforcement agencies, the DEA expects to put its special agents in harm’s way. Their quarry is well-funded and well-equipped by the billions of dollars available through narcotrafficking. The DEA demands some of the highest firearms qualifications standards of any federal agency. Agents may carry their personal firearms rather than the standard issue sidearm.
To support investigations, the DEA employs diverse specialists including forensic accountants, lawyers, pharmacists, chemists, lab technicians, software analysts, data cryptographers, engineers, machinists, translators, mechanics, and office support staff.
Authority and Mandate
The DEA enforces the Controlled Substances Act throughout the U.S. The nature of drug trafficking means that the DEA is often as focused abroad as it is domestically, particularly on Mexico and Latin America.
The nexus between the illegal drug trade and terrorism has brought increased funding to the DEA, but has also driven an expansion of their responsibilities around the world. Southeast and Central Asia and the poppy/heroin trade is also of particular concern. The DEA has agents permanently based in Afghanistan to coordinate with the military in interdicting and destroying Afghan-manufactured heroin.
Field Operations
The DEA prefers to send agents in teams. During arrests, the DEA seeks to send at least three armed personnel, preferably DEA agents. If the numbers are unavailable, the DEA requests support from local po-lice officers or other federal special agents (especially the U.S. Marshals Service).
The DEA is well funded for its size. The com-bination of a robust budget, transportation assets (automobiles and aircraft), and the need to be on the ground to conduct investigations means the DEA allows agents to operate independently. Its budget also means that agents have access to reasonable credit lines.
The DEA’s many field offices in the U.S. and overseas mean agents do not have to travel far to requisition equipment. Many field offices have robust armories and armored SUVs. Communications and surveillance equipment is readily available, though getting the correct search warrant to use most surveillance devices can take weeks. Electronics such as laptops, smartphones, and tablet PCs are available upon request. Should an agent need more than that, the office serves as the destination point for more sophisticated or expensive equipment sent from HQ. The DEA’s aerial assets are largely focused on intelligence and surveillance. In a major operation they may be placed at the disposal of the agent in charge.
The DEA operates about 260 drug task forces that integrate with city, county, and state law enforcement organizations in every large American city, deputizing local law-enforcement officers. These deputizations are not case-specific and often last months or years. They grant broader authority to local law enforcement personnel than other deputization processes.
DEA undercover operations, while prestigious and dangerous, rarely last longer than four months. Years-long deep undercover operations are a myth. The DEA only sends its best and most mentally capable agents into undercover situations. Because agents must operate without the support of a team, undercover operations are seen as particularly dangerous, and are only approved in major investigations. An undercover agent leaving a mission is usually sent away on a temporary duty assignment or transferred to another field office for the agent’s safety.
Areas of Friction
The DEA operates in the grey area between local and state-level law enforcement and the more D.C.-focused Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and FBI, serving as an imperfect bridge between the groups. DEA agents need to be friendly with all levels of law enforcement but often remain “outsiders” to everyone. FBI agents, ICE agents and Deputy U.S. Marshals often see the DEA as too eager to use force. The most frequent exception is the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF), which shares a similar spot in the law enforcement hierarchy and a similar mandate. DEA and the ATF agents often work well together. Local law enforcement often appreciates the DEA’s assistance on major drug cases, but inevitably wants to ensure they get credit for the bust.
Playing the DEA
Your life is paperwork and street investigations. You didn’t join the DEA because it is glamorous; you joined because you wanted to work as a special agent and get your hands dirty. The DEA sends you into the darkest parts of American society to corner the bad guy and arrest him. That’s the great part. You work with other good agents and have a very clear mission to stop the flow of drugs. The downside is the paper-work. It’s unavoidable, and the government demands to know all the whens, wheres, and whys of your investigations. You hate the paperwork.
The DEA’s focused mission translates into pride in your work. Your agency is no-nonsense. There is a mission. Go do it. Be professional. You likely come from a law enforcement background, possibly working for a local police department or sheriff’s office. What the DEA offers you that you couldn’t get elsewhere is a better paycheck, better equipment, better training, and better cases.
With pride in your work comes a bit of disdain for partner agencies. The worst, in your opinion, is Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). DEA agents consider themselves better trained and better disciplined in the field than ICE agents. The joke goes that DEA agents deal with paperwork because they want to get back out in the field, while ICE uses fieldwork to make better excuses for paperwork. But you have to grit your teeth and work with ICE to make sure the operation is successful. Your other sister organization, the FBI, is more professional and more highly trained, but still doesn’t quite “get” it.
Your office is often in the worst part of a city, and you always need to be aware of your surroundings and people’s motivations. Your adversaries range from local methamphetamine manufacturers to Central American drug kingpins to terrorist cells using narcotics to fund their goals. Thing is, they aren’t always your enemies. Many of them are useful contacts, even allies. The common denominator is not just the involvement of illegal drugs, but the huge amount of money at stake. Your suspects and contacts are well-funded and well-armed. You have to be a cut above the bad guys, otherwise you will find yourself outgunned or isolated. You also have to be willing to make a deal with the small guy in order to target more important criminals in the supply chain. The line between ally and adversary is razor thin.
You have to be a team player. Suspects are best neutralized with swift and decisive action by an overwhelming number of officers. This is why staying friendly with ICE and the FBI is so important. When the time comes to take someone down, you want people on your team.
Information is power. Takedowns and arrests are only the final stage of an investigation. Until then, it’s a deliberate process of working informants, conducting interviews, and gathering technical or electronic data. The people whose information you need—weed farmers, truckers, prostitutes, wary family members—often distrust authority. Gaining their trust requires patience, time, and sometimes money. Even local law enforcement is often skeptical of your motivations, but you usually get along with the locals after a beer or two.
You have to keep thorough notes and good files, and have a good memory so that sensitive information stays accurate even when you don’t have the time or privacy to record your findings.